nginx web服务器的搭建

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安装相关环境
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[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ ~]# yum install gcc-c++
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ ~]# yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ ~]# yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ ~]# yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
下载nginx稳定版
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[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ ~]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ ~]# ll nginx-1.12.2
总用量 724
drwxr-xr-x 6 www www   4096 3月  19 21:47 auto
-rw-r--r-- 1 www www 278202 10月 17 21:16 CHANGES
-rw-r--r-- 1 www www 423948 10月 17 21:16 CHANGES.ru
drwxr-xr-x 2 www www   4096 3月  19 21:47 conf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 www www   2481 10月 17 21:16 configure
drwxr-xr-x 4 www www   4096 3月  19 21:47 contrib
drwxr-xr-x 2 www www   4096 3月  19 21:47 html
-rw-r--r-- 1 www www   1397 10月 17 21:16 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x 2 www www   4096 3月  19 21:47 man
-rw-r--r-- 1 www www     49 10月 17 21:16 README
drwxr-xr-x 9 www www   4096 3月  19 21:47 src
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ ~]# cd nginx-1.12.2


# 注意：启动nginx之前，上边将临时文件目录指定为/var/temp/nginx，需要在/var下创建temp及nginx目录
# 第三步：进入nginx目录，使用configure命令创建一makeFile文件
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ ~]# cd nginx-1.12.2 ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/client \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/proxy \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/fastcgi \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/scgi

[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx-1.12.2]# ll
总用量 732
drwxr-xr-x 6 www  www    4096 3月  19 21:47 auto
-rw-r--r-- 1 www  www  278202 10月 17 21:16 CHANGES
-rw-r--r-- 1 www  www  423948 10月 17 21:16 CHANGES.ru
drwxr-xr-x 2 www  www    4096 3月  19 21:47 conf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 www  www    2481 10月 17 21:16 configure
drwxr-xr-x 4 www  www    4096 3月  19 21:47 contrib
drwxr-xr-x 2 www  www    4096 3月  19 21:47 html
-rw-r--r-- 1 www  www    1397 10月 17 21:16 LICENSE
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    355 3月  19 22:22 Makefile
drwxr-xr-x 2 www  www    4096 3月  19 21:47 man
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   4096 3月  19 22:22 objs
-rw-r--r-- 1 www  www      49 10月 17 21:16 README
drwxr-xr-x 9 www  www    4096 3月  19 21:47 src

# 有个makefile,make编译
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx-1.12.2]# make

# 安装
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx-1.12.2]# make install
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx-1.12.2]# cd /usr/local/nginx/
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# ll
总用量 12
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 3月  19 22:25 conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 3月  19 22:25 html
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 3月  19 22:25 sbin

# 启动nginx
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# cd sbin/
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ sbin]# ll
总用量 3608
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3692808 3月  19 22:25 nginx
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ sbin]# ./nginx
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ sbin]# ps -aux|grep nginx
root      4775  0.0  0.0  20488   612 ?        Ss   22:27   0:00 nginx: master process ./nginx
nobody    4776  0.0  0.0  20928  1332 ?        S    22:27   0:00 nginx: worker process
root      4785  0.0  0.0 112664   976 pts/1    R+   22:27   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

# 关闭nginx
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ sbin]# ./nginx -s stop
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ sbin]# ps -aux|grep nginx
root      4801  0.0  0.0 112664   976 pts/1    S+   22:30   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ sbin]#

# 不关闭情况下，重新加载配置
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ sbin]# ./nginx -s reload
启动成功测试
通过端口区分虚拟主机
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[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# cp -r html/ html81
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# vim conf/nginx.conf
server {
        listen       81;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;
    
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
        location / {
            root   html81;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    
        #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    
    }
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# sbin/nginx -s reload
通过域名区分虚拟主机
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[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# cp -r html/ html-xyz
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# vim conf/nginx.conf
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  smniuhe.xyz;

        #charset koi8-r;
    
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
        location / {
            root   html-xyz;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    
        #error_page  404              /404.html;
    
        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    
    }
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# sbin/nginx -s reload
反向代理
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[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# vim conf/nginx.conf
upstream tomcat8081 {
        server smniuhe.com:8081;
    }


    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  smniuhe.com;
    
        #charset koi8-r;
    
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
        location / {
            proxy_pass   http://tomcat8081;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# sbin/nginx -s reload
负载均衡

weight：设置对应服务器的权重，默认为1

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[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# vim conf/nginx.conf
upstream tomcat8081 {
        server smniuhe.com:8081 weight=1;
        server smniuhe.com:8083 weight=1;
    }


    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  smniuhe.com;
    
        #charset koi8-r;
    
        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
    
        location / {
            proxy_pass   http://tomcat8081;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
[root@iZuf6iq8e7ya9v3ix71k0pZ nginx]# sbin/nginx -s reload